: These were officially sanctioned units, such as John Singleton Mosby’s 43rd Battalion Virginia Cavalry. They operated under military law, wore uniforms (even if non-standard), and coordinated with regular armies to raid supply lines and capture officers.
: Often self-organized bands not officially enrolled in the army, these fighters focused on defending their home territories. While they claimed to support the Union or Confederacy, they frequently lacked formal military discipline. American Civil War Guerrilla Tactics
: The most feared and lawless, these individuals or small groups hid in foliage ("the bush") to ambush soldiers and civilians alike. They often engaged in robbery and murder, using the war as a cover for personal vendettas. Core Tactics and Methods : These were officially sanctioned units, such as