Arteria Maxillaris -
Enters the pterygopalatine fossa . Its terminal branches supply the upper teeth, palate, and nasal cavity, including the infraorbital and sphenopalatine arteries. 2. Clinical Significance
Surgeons must be aware of its branches, like the infraorbital artery, during dental implant surgery to avoid excessive bleeding. arteria maxillaris
The course of the maxillary artery can vary significantly between individuals. While most follow a lateral course relative to the lateral pterygoid muscle, some may have an (found in only about 0.01% of cases). Historically, the term "external maxillary artery" was used for the facial artery , but in modern Terminologia Anatomica , "maxillary artery" refers specifically to this deep vessel. 4. Comparison Across Species Enters the pterygopalatine fossa
Located behind the neck of the mandible. Key branches include the middle meningeal artery (which supplies the dura mater) and the inferior alveolar artery (supplying the lower teeth). Clinical Significance Surgeons must be aware of its
Understanding the anatomy of the maxillary artery is vital for several medical fields:
Usually passes superficial (lateral) to the lateral pterygoid muscle in about 79.6% of cases, or deep (medial) to it in approximately 19.9%. This segment primarily supplies the muscles of mastication (masseteric, pterygoid, and deep temporal arteries).
In veterinary anatomy, the maxillary artery often serves as a continuation of the external carotid and can contribute to specialized structures like the (a vascular network) in certain animals such as camels, cattle, and sheep.