Start with a layer of "browns" for drainage, followed by a layer of "greens". A common ratio is roughly 2 parts browns to 1 part greens . Manage the Pile:

Successful composting requires a balance of four key ingredients:

Composting is the natural process of recycling organic matter—such as food scraps and leaves—into a valuable fertilizer. It relies on aerobic decomposition, where microorganisms require oxygen to break down waste efficiently.

Regular aeration is necessary to prevent odors and speed up decomposition. Step-by-Step Instructions

Decomposition can take several weeks to months. Finished compost is dark, crumbly, and has a pleasant, earthy smell. What to Include vs. Avoid

Includes dried leaves, straw, shredded non-glossy paper, and cardboard.

Add water if the pile feels dry; add more browns if it is too soggy.