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Female sex, age, family history, flat feet (pes planus), and chronic wearing of narrow-toed, high-heeled shoes.

Metatarsus adductus, Achilles tendon tightness, and hammertoe are frequently observed alongside HV. 3. Diagnosis and Clinical Assessment Download Hallux valgus pdf

Conservative measures are aimed at symptomatic relief, as they do not reverse the bony deformity. (PDF) Hallux Valgus - ResearchGate Female sex, age, family history, flat feet (pes

Measured using the longitudinal axes of the first metatarsal and proximal phalanx. 4. Management Strategies flat feet (pes planus)