Locating -

In the context of construction and excavation, a is the process of identifying and marking the positions of underground utility lines—such as gas, electric, water, and telecommunications—to prevent damage during digging.

: Before the locator arrives, the excavator should "white line" or pre-mark the planned work area with white paint or flags. This helps locators focus on the exact site, speeding up the process. locating

: If EM is ineffective (e.g., for non-conductive plastic pipes), locators may use Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) or Acoustic Locating . In the context of construction and excavation, a

: This is the most common method. It involves a transmitter that sends a frequency down a conductive line and a receiver that detects the signal above ground. for non-conductive plastic pipes)