A "deep" look at modding requires understanding how the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) handles the increased load of hundreds of mods.

Modern modding has pushed the boundaries of the "Deep Dark" and other vanilla biomes:

: These occur when the game requests system memory but fails to release it back once a task is finished. This is particularly common in large modpacks where "rogue" programs continuously claim "private memory" chunks, leading to performance degradation and eventual crashes.